Biology and Cell Science

1. Who coined the term 'Biology'?

Ans: Jean Baptiste Lamarck

2. Father of Biology and Zoology?

Ans: Aristotle

3. Father of Botany:

Ans: Theophrastus

4. Study of cells:

Ans: Cytology

5. The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope:

Ans: Anton Von Leeuwenhoek.

6. Cell was discovered and named by ______.

Ans: Robert Hook in 1665

7. Who discovered that the body of animal is made up of cells?

Ans: Theodor Schwan

8. Who proposed that all plants are made up of plant cells?

Ans: M.J. Schleiden

9. Who formulated cell theory?

Ans: Schleiden and Theoder Schwann

10. Scientist who modified the cell theory:

Ans: Rudolf Virchow

11. Cell without nucleus:

Ans: Prokaryotic cell

12. Cell with nucleus:

Ans: Eukaryotic cell

13. Who stated protoplasm is the physical basis of life?

Ans: Huxely

14. The fluid living content of cell that consists of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm:

Ans: Protoplasm

15. Who discovered Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Ans: Keith R. Porter

16. Endoplasmic Reticulum bearing ribosomes on thier surface:

Ans: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

17. Who discovered Golgi apparatus in 1898?

Ans: Camelia Golgi

18. Golgi complex consists of:

Ans: Flat disc shaped sacs or cisternae

19. Other name of Golgi Complex:

Ans: Golgi apparatus or Golgi body

20. Golgi complex is called _____ organelle of the cell.

Ans: Secretory

21. Function of Golgi complex:

Ans: synthesis, storage and packaging of materials

22. Organelle that help in protein synthesis:

Ans: Ribosome

23. Who discovered Lysosomes?

Ans: Christian de Drive (1955) 

24. _____ are called 'suicidal bags' as they can digest damaged organells and bring about death of the cell.

Ans: Lysosomes

25. Power house of the Cell:

Ans: Mitochondria

26. The outer membrane of Mitochondria is called:

Ans: Matrix

27. The inner membrane of Mitochondria is called:

Ans: Cristae

28. Mitochondria produce cellular energy in the form of ______.

Ans: ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)

29. Universal Energy Currency:

Ans: ATP

30. Mitochondria converts oxygen and nutrients into:

Ans: energy

31. Kreb's Cycle takes place in:

Ans: Mitochondria

32. Cell Nucleus was discovered by:

Ans: Robert Brown (1831)

33. Controlling centre of the cell:

Ans: Nucleus

34. 50 - 90% of the volume of a plant cell may be occupied by:

Ans: Vacuole

35. Organelles containing pigments, present only in plant cells:

Ans: Plastids

36. Plastids were discovered and named by:

Ans: Ernst Haeckel

37. Green coloured organelle found in green plants:

Ans: Chioroplast

38. Coloured organelle other than green, found in flowers, fruits etc:

Ans: Chrornoplast

39. Colourless organelles, storage in function found in underground organs, tubers etc.:

Ans: Leucoplast

40. Element present in chlorophyll:

Ans: Magnesium

41. Site of photosynthesis:

Ans: Chioroplast

42. Colourless plastids of various size and shapes with stored nutrients:

Ans: Leucoplasts

43. What gives yellow colour for Turmeric?

Ans: Curcumin

44. Reddish orange colour of carrot is due to:

Ans: Beta carotene

45. What gives red colour to tomato?

Ans: Lycopine

46. Pigments which give red colour to red algae:

Ans: Phycoerythrin

47. Pigment which gives brown colour to brown algae:

Ans: Fucoxanthin

48. The cell division that takes place in plants and animal cells for the growth:

Ans: Mitosis

49. The cell division that takes place in the germ cell for the formation of gametes:

Ans: Meiosis

50. Cells in our body that engulf foreign particles like bacteria are known as:

Ans: Phagocytes

51. The largest cells found in nature:

Ans: Egg of ostrich

52. The smallest cell:

Ans: Mycoplasma

53. The largest cell in human:

Ans: Ovum

54. The smallest cell in human:

Ans: Sperm

55. The longest cell in human:

Ans: Neuron

56. Kitchen of the cell:

Ans: Chloroplast

57. Brain of the cell:

Ans: Nucleus